Syria’s interim government issued a decree mandating that women must wear burkinis or other “decent” clothing on beaches and public pools, as reported by Syrian state news. A Burkini is a swimsuit which covers the entire body except the face. Exemptions apply to private beaches, clubs, and high-end hotels. This directive has sparked debate, with some supporting its modesty focus and others criticising government control over personal attire choices. This article explores the burkini’s origin, design, and global impact, and meaning of Syria’s new rule. This decree has opened up broader discussions about modesty, personal freedom, and cultural sensitivities in swimwear regulations.
Design and features of burkini
A burkini typically consists of a long-sleeved tunic and straight-legged pants with an attached hood or swim cap to cover the hair and neck. This design conceals the hair, neck, and entire body, leaving only the face exposed. Generally made from lightweight, SPF50+ polyester or polyester-spandex blends. It resembles a wetsuit which allows ease of movement in water.
Origin of the burkini
The burkini is a portmanteau of “burqa” and “bikini”. It was designed in 2004 by Aheda Zanetti, a Muslim Australian. Her goal was to provide a culturally appropriate swimwear for Muslim women observing hijab. Inspired by her niece’s discomfort playing sports in traditional clothing and the 2005 Cronulla riots, Zanetti created a swimsuit enabling Muslim women to swim comfortably while adhering to modesty standards. Her company, Ahiida, owns the trademarks for “burkini” and “burqini,” though the terms are now widely used generically.
Users and countries that adopts burkini
The burkini is primarily worn by Muslim women who seek to maintain modesty and religious principles while enjoying swimming or beach activities. It has majorly been used in countries with significant Muslim populations, such as the United Arab Emirates, Turkey, Malaysia, and Indonesia. Western countries like the UK, France, Australia, and Canada have also seen growing adoption of Burkinis particularly among Muslim communities. Some women also choose burkinis for sun protection, body confidence, or personal comfort while swimming.
Controversies and bans around the world
The burkini has faced bans in several countries. The bans have sparked debates over freedom, religion, and gender. In 2016, French municipality Cannes banned burkinis, citing secularism and security concerns which led to fines and public confrontations. Critics, including Human Rights Watch, called these bans discriminatory. Similar restrictions emerged in Morocco, Germany, and Switzerland, though some were overturned for violating equality principles. These controversies highlight the debate around religion, secularism, personal choice and freedom of clothing.
Syria’s new directive regarding swimwear on beaches
Syria’s 2025 decree reflects a shift toward stricter modesty regulations under its interim government, led by Ahmed al-Sharaa. The rule mandates burkinis or modest swimwear in public spaces with cover-ups required outside swimming areas. Men must also wear shirts when not swimming. The directive’s lack of clear enforcement mechanisms has raised concerns about monitoring and penalties, with mixed reactions from Syrian women.
Social and cultural implications
The burkini symbolises diverse narratives: empowerment for women seeking modesty, oppression for those who view it as enforced control. In Syria, the decree has divided opinions. Some see it as morally respectful, while others fear it restricts personal freedom. Globally, Burkini has sparked discussions on feminism and secularism as well as cultural identity.